This issue of Formation Emploi explores the concept of support, whether it is a question of studying, in the light of labour law, the support of young people towards adult employee status, the intensive and effective support of young unemployed peopl...

The past 20 years have seen numerous reforms in Italy, which has turned the country into a testing ground for changes in employment policies. This new issue of “Formation Emploi” is given over to an analysis of the Italian labour market reforms, from...

It’s an old truism that small companies in Europe provide less training for their employees than the largest ones. In France, the training practices of companies with fewer than 50 employees turn out to be very diverse. New data, drawn from the Défis...

Initial vocational training for young people in France is structured around two pathways: the school-based pathway, with training provided in vocational high schools, and the apprenticeship pathway, when young people enter into a dual vocat...

Over the last two decades across Europe, young women’s position in the labour market has improved. Better qualified and with participation rates on the increase, they have also begun to narrow the pay gap and to gain access to occupations and sectors...

Enhancing access to and the use and quality of ICTs is one of the 11 thematic objectives of the European Union’s cohesion policy for the period 2014-2020.   In France, more than eight out of every ten employees use information and communicatio...

Since the 1980s, all OECD countries have seen significant increases in the share of their populations completing their education with a higher education qualification. This drive to raise education levels is intended to help national economies deal w...

A comparative analysis of 7 European NQFs reveals different patterns of inclusion of non-formal sector qualifications awarded outside the traditional educational context. However, all countries have in common the quest to achieve a good compromise be...

Being competent” or “having the skills”… Both expressions could be used but both of them have many meanings. People can have one or several skills. The term “skills” has also different interpretations : it could mean knowledge, know-how or soft-skill...

A European indicator, constructed in part using data from Céreq's Génération survey, shows that France is fairly well positioned when it comes to the time the country's students spend abroad in the course of their studies, even though the 2020 target...

Early school-leaving is declining, both in France and across Europe. The early school-leaving rate has fallen from 13% to 9% in ten years. By focusing on the regions, an intermediate level between national policy and individual education and labour m...